Impact of SST on Present and Future Extreme Precipitation in Hokkaido Investigated Considering Weather Patterns

This study investigated the impact of sea surface temperature (SST) on extreme precipitation events in North Japan and its relation to synoptic weather patterns using large-ensemble climate simulations. Eight were identified by applying cluster analysis level pressure anomalies for selected days with derived from a 3000-year historical experiment. Interannual variability associated two specific patterns, characterized weak low-pressure system an atmospheric river (AR), significantly correlated that SST over Sea Japan, correlation coefficient 0.37 0.53, respectively. In higher years, increased moisture can increase inland area Hokkaido pattern system, whereas it appears enhance orographic along western slopes mountains resembling AR. These results indicate effect local strongly depends patterns. future projection, are sensitive show sharp more than 4 times under K warming climate. Moreover, magnitude was also found SST, broadly following Clausius–Clapeyron both warmed climates. suggest risk heavy such future.